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The Circle of Willis covers the cerebral arterial supply

Macrophages are the resident sentinels of the innate immune system

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circular DNA necklace | gold vermeil Scott The Circle of Willis coversCircular DNA necklace gold vermeil Most of life on Earth carries its genome as a closed loop. Bacteria, mitochondria, chloroplasts, plasmids: all circular. Linear chromosomes are the late evolutionary arrival, found mostly in eukaryotes. The closed loop is the older architecture, and it never went away. The Science Behind Circular DNA Bacteria carry their genome as a circular chromosome alongside smaller circular plasmids, autonomously replicating DNA